Casula, a suburb of Sydney in New South Wales, Australia, has a history that began with its settlement by agriculturalists in the 19th century. Among the early settlers was Richard Guise, who named his farm "Casula," possibly an Anglicisation of a French phrase meaning "the hut on the." Guise's farm was well established by 1810 when Governor Macquarie toured the area, and he is notably the first person to be buried in Liverpool Pioneers’ Memorial Park.

The area was primarily known for poultry farming, market gardening, and fruit growing. A significant landmark is Glenfield Farm, dating from around 1817, making it the oldest continuously worked farm in Australia. This farm, originally belonging to Charles Throsby, a member of the Legislative Council and an explorer, is listed on the Register of the National Estate.

During World War I, Casula was home to a large Australian Imperial Forces recruitment and training reserve. This camp gained brief notoriety in 1916 when soldiers rebelled against their training regimen, leading to a riot in nearby Liverpool and Sydney.

Another notable aspect of Casula's history is the Ingham family's contribution to the poultry industry. In 1918, Walter Ingham Sr. purchased land in Casula, which his sons later developed into the largest producer of chickens and turkeys in Australia, known as Inghams Enterprises.

The suburb did not become suburbanized until the late 1950s, with much of its farmland being subdivided and developed in subsequent decades. However, pockets of undeveloped land still remain in Casula.

Casula also features the Casula Powerhouse Arts Centre, a cultural hub that was once a 1950s power station. After being decommissioned and falling into disrepair, it was refurbished and reopened as an arts center in 1994. This center reflects the suburb's multicultural community and hosts various exhibitions and arts events, including the Blake Prize focused on spirituality.